Financing old age without sacrificing youth: the impossible budgetary equation?

  • Article
  • Insurance & Social Protection
  • Publié le 1 April 2026
Nearly one in two euros of public spending would benefit those over 65, declared François Villeroy de Galhau (Governor of the Bank of France) on January 10th. While the figures need to be nuanced and the dynamic is questionable, the signal is clear: the intergenerational balance of our social model is being questioned. A significant expenditure gap is observed: One person over 65 years old benefits on average from €42,207 in public spending, while a person between 25 and 49 years old benefits from €15,026. 
 

Can we continue to finance the ageing of the population in this way without undermining the balance between generations on the one hand, and competitiveness and growth on the other?  

What you will discover in this analysis 

  • An analysis of public spending 
  • A generational mapping of transfers 
 

The big questions at the heart of this white paper 

  • Does public spending favor seniors? 
  • Are people aged 25 to 49 the «forgotten ones of the system»? 
  • For €1 of public spending, who finances what… and who really benefits? 
  • Who consumes what in terms of public spending? 
  • How are expenses distributed between the state, local authorities, and social protection? 
 

Download our comprehensive analysis and discover avenues for reflection to tackle this major challenge: preserving our social model without compromising the future of the generations who fund it. 

An article by
Fabien Cramard
Manager
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